{"id":2737,"date":"2017-11-08T11:00:31","date_gmt":"2017-11-08T17:00:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.misumiusa.com\/?p=2737"},"modified":"2019-03-28T11:46:22","modified_gmt":"2019-03-28T16:46:22","slug":"go-big-large-automation-design","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/us.misumi-ec.com\/blog\/go-big-large-automation-design\/","title":{"rendered":"Go Big: Large Automation Design"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>As automation becomes more demanding there is a need for stronger materials and larger equipment. In this post, we review large automation design techniques to be considered in the design phase of large-scale manufacturing machines.<\/p>\n<h5>Required Performance for the Large XY Table<\/h5>\n<p>\u30fbSince many high-precision XY tables are commercially available as standard items, they can be referred to as an established technology in terms of the production technology. In this example, the following requirements are added to the commercially available items in order to realize the high-speed driving and high-precision machining on a large-sized unit (long stroke):<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Large yet lightweight movable body is supported<\/li>\n<li>Made of materials that are insensitive to the long-term environmental fluctuation (such as temperature changes and vibration)<\/li>\n<li>Materials and structure are suitable for high-precision machining<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u30fbTo meet these requirements, we developed our own model using granite stones, instead of adopting a commercially available XY table made of steel-based materials.<\/p>\n<h5>Vital Points in Designing Large XY Table<\/h5>\n<p>The designer of the large automation device should consider design processes by acknowledging the following points.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>It is important to select a structural material that is insensitive to thermal displacement and vibration while the deterioration with age is minimal.<br \/>\nDescription: Granite stones are those used on the surface plate of precision measuring equipment image below and have the characteristics listed previously.<\/li>\n<li>Highly rigid structure (minimum deflection by the self-weight)<\/li>\n<li>Structural design allowing effortless precision adjustment during assembly<br \/>\nDescription: After fine-polishing the granite stone, adjust the flatness, perpendicularity, and parallelism by ultra-precision machining.<br \/>\nThe second image below illustrates the sectional shape accuracy of 1.4m-long linear guide rails. The parallelism of the bottom reference plane against the top side is 0.003; the parallelism of the side reference plane against the lateral face of the rail is 0.008.<\/li>\n<li>Selecting inexpensive <em><a href=\"https:\/\/us.misumi-ec.com\/?utm_source=Blog\">components<\/a><\/em> that are compatible with large equipment design<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2746\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2746\" style=\"width: 399px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-2746\" src=\"http:\/\/blog.misumiusa.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/LargeAutomation1-1.jpg\" alt=\"Granite Surface Plate\" width=\"399\" height=\"198\" srcset=\"https:\/\/us.misumi-ec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/LargeAutomation1-1.jpg 365w, https:\/\/us.misumi-ec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/LargeAutomation1-1-150x74.jpg 150w, https:\/\/us.misumi-ec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/LargeAutomation1-1-300x149.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 399px) 100vw, 399px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2746\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Granite surface plate for 3D measuring equipment<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2745\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2745\" style=\"width: 509px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-2745 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/blog.misumiusa.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/LargeAutomationDesign2.jpg\" alt=\"Linear guide rails for a large table design\" width=\"509\" height=\"281\" srcset=\"https:\/\/us.misumi-ec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/LargeAutomationDesign2.jpg 509w, https:\/\/us.misumi-ec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/LargeAutomationDesign2-150x83.jpg 150w, https:\/\/us.misumi-ec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/LargeAutomationDesign2-300x166.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 509px) 100vw, 509px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2745\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Linear guide rails for a large table design<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>Characteristics of Granite<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>While the granite stones adopted for the large XY table have the following advantages, including minimum degradation with age, small thermal expansion rate, vibration damping properties, they also have the weakness in the bending rigidity since the material strength is smaller than that of metal. Therefore, we needed to develop a technology of enhancing the rigidity in the structure using granite stones.<\/p>\n<p>Advantages:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Minimum degradation with age<\/li>\n<li>Low thermal expansion rate<\/li>\n<li>Vibration absorption properties<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Disadvantages:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Low material strength<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>High Rigidity Structure<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Fig.1 shows the structure diagram of a <em><a href=\"https:\/\/us.misumi-ec.com\/vona2\/mech\/M0100000000\/?utm_source=Blog\">linear guide mechanism<\/a><\/em> adapted for an XY table designed in the general machining dimensions (machining area is equivalent to A4 to A3 size.) Since the pneumatic hydrostatic bearing is adopted, it has the bearing shape as shown in Fig.1.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2740\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2740\" style=\"width: 527px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-2740 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/blog.misumiusa.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/LargeAutomation3.jpg\" alt=\"Dual rail guide example\" width=\"527\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/us.misumi-ec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/LargeAutomation3.jpg 527w, https:\/\/us.misumi-ec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/LargeAutomation3-150x57.jpg 150w, https:\/\/us.misumi-ec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/LargeAutomation3-300x114.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 527px) 100vw, 527px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2740\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dual rail guide example<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&#8211; If you increase the equipment size without modifying the structure, the load will cause a considerable deformation of the table top between the two bearings. As a result, the following problems will occur:<\/p>\n<p>(1) Error in linear motion<br \/>\n(2) Bending of workpiece caused by deformation of the table top<br \/>\n(3) Vibration caused by the unstable pneumatic bearings resulting from deformation of the table top<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; In this case, the deformation volume (deflection) in the center of the drive table increases in proportional to the cube of the distance between the two guide rails. (Fig.2)<\/p>\n<p>Maximum deflection at critical points:<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-2741 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/blog.misumiusa.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/LargeAutomation4.jpg\" alt=\"Maximum deflection equation\" width=\"133\" height=\"81\" \/><br \/>\nW: Weight, L: Length of beam, E: Young&#8217;s modulus, I: Second moment of inertia<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2742\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2742\" style=\"width: 527px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-2742 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/blog.misumiusa.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/LargeAutomation5.jpg\" alt=\"Relationship between load and deflection for both ends support beam model\" width=\"527\" height=\"240\" srcset=\"https:\/\/us.misumi-ec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/LargeAutomation5.jpg 527w, https:\/\/us.misumi-ec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/LargeAutomation5-150x68.jpg 150w, https:\/\/us.misumi-ec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/LargeAutomation5-300x137.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 527px) 100vw, 527px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2742\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Load and deflection<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&#8211; In this case example, an auxiliary rail is installed between the two sliding guides to minimize deflection caused by the table weight. (Fig.3)<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2743\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2743\" style=\"width: 527px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-2743 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/blog.misumiusa.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/LargeAutomation6.jpg\" alt=\"Large drive table having three-rail guide structure with auxiliary rail\" width=\"527\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/us.misumi-ec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/LargeAutomation6.jpg 527w, https:\/\/us.misumi-ec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/LargeAutomation6-150x57.jpg 150w, https:\/\/us.misumi-ec.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/LargeAutomation6-300x114.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 527px) 100vw, 527px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2743\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Auxiliary rail design<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&#8211; The auxiliary guide in the middle does not work as a bearing for linear motion. It simply supports and reinforces the moving table from the bottom.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; For large automation devices, notice that the flatness of the base plate or slight inclination will influence the assembly precision.<\/p>\n<p>There are a variety of design techniques that can be used for large automation designs. We hope this post inspired your future designs! Be sure to check out the variety of <em><a href=\"https:\/\/us.misumi-ec.com\/?utm_source=Blog\">MISUMI components<\/a><\/em> for your designs.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>As automation becomes more demanding there is a need for stronger materials and larger equipment. In this post, we review large automation design techniques to be considered in the design phase of large-scale manufacturing machines. Required Performance for the Large XY Table \u30fbSince many high-precision XY tables are commercially available as standard items, they can be referred to as an [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":46,"featured_media":2747,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false},"categories":[6],"tags":[531,460,342,71,573,571,574,349,485,572],"aioseo_notices":[],"gutentor_comment":1,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/us.misumi-ec.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2737"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/us.misumi-ec.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/us.misumi-ec.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/us.misumi-ec.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/46"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/us.misumi-ec.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2737"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/us.misumi-ec.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2737\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2748,"href":"https:\/\/us.misumi-ec.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2737\/revisions\/2748"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/us.misumi-ec.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2747"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/us.misumi-ec.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2737"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/us.misumi-ec.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2737"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/us.misumi-ec.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2737"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}