Specific heat capacity measures how much energy (in joules) is needed to raise the temperature of one kilogram of a substance by one degree Celsius. In simpler terms, it tells us how easily a material heats up or cools down. Materials with high specific heat capacity (like water) require more energy to change temperature, making them temperature-stable. Metals typically have lower specific heat capacities than water, which is why they heat up and cool down relatively quickly.
The table below provides specific heat capacity values for common metals in different unit systems, which can be particularly useful when working across different engineering standards or when converting between scientific papers using different conventions.
Common Specific Heat Capacity Conversions:
- 1 J/g°C = 4186 J/kg·K
- 1 J/g°C = 0.239 cal/g°C
- 1 J/g°C = 0.000947 BTU/lb·°F
- 1 cal/g°C = 4.184 J/g°C
| Metal | J/(kg·K) | J/(g·K) | cal/(g·°C) | BTU/(lb·°F) | kJ/(kg·K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aluminum | 897 | 0.897 | 0.214 | 0.214 | 0.897 |
| Antimony | 207 | 0.207 | 0.049 | 0.049 | 0.207 |
| Barium | 204 | 0.204 | 0.049 | 0.049 | 0.204 |
| Beryllium | 1825 | 1.825 | 0.436 | 0.436 | 1.825 |
| Bismuth | 122 | 0.122 | 0.029 | 0.029 | 0.122 |
| Brass | 380 | 0.380 | 0.091 | 0.091 | 0.380 |
| Bronze | 355 | 0.355 | 0.085 | 0.085 | 0.355 |
| Cadmium | 230 | 0.230 | 0.055 | 0.055 | 0.230 |
| Calcium | 631 | 0.631 | 0.151 | 0.151 | 0.631 |
| Carbon Steel | 490 | 0.490 | 0.117 | 0.117 | 0.490 |
| Cast Iron | 460 | 0.460 | 0.110 | 0.110 | 0.460 |
| Cesium | 242 | 0.242 | 0.058 | 0.058 | 0.242 |
| Chromium | 448 | 0.448 | 0.107 | 0.107 | 0.448 |
| Cobalt | 421 | 0.421 | 0.101 | 0.101 | 0.421 |
| Copper | 386 | 0.386 | 0.092 | 0.092 | 0.386 |
| Gallium | 371 | 0.371 | 0.089 | 0.089 | 0.371 |
| Germanium | 321 | 0.321 | 0.077 | 0.077 | 0.321 |
| Gold | 129 | 0.129 | 0.031 | 0.031 | 0.129 |
| Hafnium | 144 | 0.144 | 0.034 | 0.034 | 0.144 |
| Indium | 233 | 0.233 | 0.056 | 0.056 | 0.233 |
| Iridium | 131 | 0.131 | 0.031 | 0.031 | 0.131 |
| Iron | 449 | 0.449 | 0.107 | 0.107 | 0.449 |
| Lanthanum | 195 | 0.195 | 0.047 | 0.047 | 0.195 |
| Lead | 129 | 0.129 | 0.031 | 0.031 | 0.129 |
| Lithium | 3582 | 3.582 | 0.856 | 0.856 | 3.582 |
| Lutetium | 154 | 0.154 | 0.037 | 0.037 | 0.154 |
| Magnesium | 1023 | 1.023 | 0.244 | 0.244 | 1.023 |
| Manganese | 479 | 0.479 | 0.114 | 0.114 | 0.479 |
| Mercury | 140 | 0.140 | 0.033 | 0.033 | 0.140 |
| Molybdenum | 251 | 0.251 | 0.060 | 0.060 | 0.251 |
| Nickel | 444 | 0.444 | 0.106 | 0.106 | 0.444 |
| Niobium (Columbium) | 265 | 0.265 | 0.063 | 0.063 | 0.265 |
| Osmium | 130 | 0.130 | 0.031 | 0.031 | 0.130 |
| Palladium | 240 | 0.240 | 0.057 | 0.057 | 0.240 |
| Platinum | 133 | 0.133 | 0.032 | 0.032 | 0.133 |
| Plutonium | 130 | 0.130 | 0.031 | 0.031 | 0.130 |
| Potassium | 757 | 0.757 | 0.181 | 0.181 | 0.757 |
| Rhenium | 137 | 0.137 | 0.033 | 0.033 | 0.137 |
| Rhodium | 243 | 0.243 | 0.058 | 0.058 | 0.243 |
| Rubidium | 363 | 0.363 | 0.087 | 0.087 | 0.363 |
| Ruthenium | 238 | 0.238 | 0.057 | 0.057 | 0.238 |
| Scandium | 568 | 0.568 | 0.136 | 0.136 | 0.568 |
| Selenium | 321 | 0.321 | 0.077 | 0.077 | 0.321 |
| Silicon | 712 | 0.712 | 0.170 | 0.170 | 0.712 |
| Silver | 235 | 0.235 | 0.056 | 0.056 | 0.235 |
| Sodium | 1230 | 1.230 | 0.294 | 0.294 | 1.230 |
| Stainless Steel (304) | 500 | 0.500 | 0.119 | 0.119 | 0.500 |
| Strontium | 301 | 0.301 | 0.072 | 0.072 | 0.301 |
| Tantalum | 140 | 0.140 | 0.033 | 0.033 | 0.140 |
| Thallium | 129 | 0.129 | 0.031 | 0.031 | 0.129 |
| Thorium | 118 | 0.118 | 0.028 | 0.028 | 0.118 |
| Tin | 227 | 0.227 | 0.054 | 0.054 | 0.227 |
| Titanium | 523 | 0.523 | 0.125 | 0.125 | 0.523 |
| Tungsten | 134 | 0.134 | 0.032 | 0.032 | 0.134 |
| Uranium | 116 | 0.116 | 0.028 | 0.028 | 0.116 |
| Vanadium | 489 | 0.489 | 0.117 | 0.117 | 0.489 |
| Wrought Iron | 460 | 0.460 | 0.110 | 0.110 | 0.460 |
| Yttrium | 298 | 0.298 | 0.071 | 0.071 | 0.298 |
| Zinc | 388 | 0.388 | 0.093 | 0.093 | 0.388 |
| Zirconium | 278 | 0.278 | 0.066 | 0.066 | 0.278 |
- J/(kg·K): Joules per kilogram per Kelvin – SI unit
- J/(g·K): Joules per gram per Kelvin
- cal/(g·°C): Calories per gram per degree Celsius
- BTU/(lb·°F): British Thermal Units per pound per degree Fahrenheit
- kJ/(kg·K): Kilojoules per kilogram per Kelvin
The values are provided at room temperature (~25°C) and may vary slightly with temperature. For precise engineering applications, please reference material specifications for the exact temperature range of interest.
Conclusion:
We hope you found this article and chart of heat capacity of metals valuable to your understanding and/or projects. If you have any other questions in relation to what metals will work best for your needs please reach out to our product experts, and engineers.. Also be sure to check out MISUMI USA’s full industrial manfacturing parts and components product line, including – aluminum extrusion, bearings, bushings, and more.
The MechBlog is focused on bringing the best knowledge possible in an easily understandable to accessable manner possible – and, if you found this article helpful be sure to check out our other metal resource based articles on: aluminum, steel, copper, and more. And, a related article on Thermal Expansion Coefficient of Materials Chart.
Author: Scott Bredemann | Updated: 04/03/2025
Disclaimer
The content on this webpage is for informational purposes only. MISUMI makes no guarantees, expressed or implied, regarding the accuracy, completeness, or validity of the information. Performance parameters, tolerances, designs, materials, or processes should not be assumed to reflect third-party suppliers’ or manufacturers’ deliverables within MISUMI’s network. Buyers are responsible for specifying their part requirements.
